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Sverige får råd om makrotillsyn från ESRB

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Skriv ut
Överordnad kategori: Finansnyheter
Träffar: 1496
ESRB – det europeiska makrotillsynsorganet – ger rekommendation om delmål och instrument för makrotillsyn i EU-länderna. Syftet är att bidra till att EU-länderna utvecklar en väl genomtänkt verktygslåda för att förebygga eller minska risker för det finansiella systemets stabilitet.

”Makrotillsyn utvecklas successivt till ett allt tydligare politikområde och den här rekommendationen utgör ett viktigt steg i den riktningen”, säger riksbankschef Stefan Ingves.

Makrotillsynsorganen i EU-länderna rekommenderas att införa fem så kallade intermediära mål, eller delmål, för makrotillsynen (se tabell). De ska också bedöma om det finns särskilda risker i de egna länderna eller inom EU som motiverar att det utformas ytterligare intermediära mål.

Vidare rekommenderas EU-länderna bedöma om de idag har tillräckliga makrotillsynsinstrument på plats för att nå de uppsatta målen. Om så inte är fallet, bör de införa fler instrument. EU-länderna rekommenderas att ha åtminstone ett instrument per målområde. ESRB presenterar en lista på 15 tänkbara instrument (se tabell), men även andra instrument kan väljas.

Slutligen rekommenderas makrotillsynsorganen att utforma en policystrategi som länkar ihop slutligt mål, intermediära mål, instrument och indikatorer. Medlemsländerna ska svara på huvuddelen av rekommendationen i december 2014.

"I och med den starka finansiella integrationen inom EU är det viktigt att EU-länderna samarbetar och når en samsyn på området. Rekommendationen om intermediära mål och instrument för makrotillsyn är därför mycket välkommen", säger riksbankschef Stefan Ingves.

Detta är ESRBs andra rekommendation som rör utformningen av ramverket för makrotillsyn i EU-länderna. Den första, som kom i fjol, inriktades på makrotillsynens organisatoriska struktur. ESRB rekommenderade i denna bl.a. att makrotillsynsansvaret läggs på ett organ, antingen en enda institution eller ett råd.

Intermediära mål

 Instrument


Minska och förebygga hög
kredittillväxt och skuldsättning

• Kontracyklisk kapitalbuffert
• Sektorsvisa kapitalkrav
• Bruttosoliditetskrav* (Leverage ratio)
• Värdebaserat lånetak (LTV)
• Inkomstbaserat lånetak (LTI) / Lånekostnadsbaserat lånetak


Minska och förebygga överdrivna
löptidsobalanser och brist på
marknadslikviditet
• Kortsiktiga likviditetsmått (t.ex. Liquidity Coverage Ratio)*
• Strukturella likviditetsmått (t.ex. Net Stable Funding Ratio)*
• Begränsning för instabil finansiering, oviktad, (t.ex. Loan-to-deposit ratio)*
• Krav på säkerheter och värderingsavdrag
Begränsa direkta och indirekta
koncentrationsrisker
• Begränsningar för stora exponeringar
• Krav på clearing via centrala motparter (CCP:er)
Begränsa systemeffekten av felaktiga incitament i syfte att minska moral
hazard
• Särskilda kapitalkrav för systemviktiga finansiella institut (SIFI-påslag)

Stärka den finansiella infrastrukturens motståndskraft
• Krav på säkerheter och värderingsavdrag vid CCP-clearing
• Ökad redovisningsskyldighet och transparens
• Strukturell systemriskbuffert

* Avser åtstramande justering av mikrotillsynskravet av makrotillsynsskäl.

Publicerad: 2013-06-20

Källa: www.riksbank.se; Riksbanken; Hämtad 25 juni 2013

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